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frequently asked questions

Understanding Cannabinoids and the Endocannabinoid System

What are cannabinoids?

Cannabinoids are compounds found in cannabis plants, categorized into phytocannabinoids (naturally occurring) and endocannabinoids (produced by the body). Notable endocannabinoids include Anandamide and 2-AG.

How does the ECS work in pain modulation?

In response to pain, the ECS produces endocannabinoids like Anandamide and 2-AG. These molecules provide rapid pain relief by regulating pain signals. The ECS is crucial in managing various health aspects, including pain, appetite, sleep, and mood.





What is the Endocannabinoid System (ECS)?

The ECS, present in every living organism for over 500 million years, maintains body homeostasis, balancing various physiological processes. It consists of endocannabinoids, cannabinoid receptors (CB1, CB2 and more), and enzymes.
 

What conditions are associated with the ECS?

Research links the ECS to conditions like Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, chronic pain, stress, epilepsy, and depression. A poorly functioning ECS can contribute to various health issues, from arthritis to Crohn’s disease.

Where are CB1 and CB2 receptors found?

CB1 receptors are widespread, particularly in the central nervous system, while CB2 receptors are concentrated in peripheral tissues involved in immune function. Both receptors are also found in the skin
 
 

What is the entourage effect?

The entourage effect occurs when cannabinoids work synergistically with terpenes, flavonoids, vitamins, and minerals. This collaborative interaction enhances the therapeutic effects of cannabis compounds.


What are terpenes, and how do they contribute to the entourage effect?

Terpenes are aromatic compounds found in plants, providing scent and flavor. They, along with flavonoids, contribute to the entourage effect by enhancing the effects of cannabinoids. For example, linalool has calming and anti-inflammatory properties.
 

How many types of cannabinoids are there?

There are over 144 known cannabinoids, each with unique properties. They can be classified into cannabinoid acids (e.g., CBGA, CBDA, THCA) present in the plant and the decarboxylated forms (e.g., THC, CBD) achieved through heating.
 

What are the most well-known cannabinoids?

The most well-known cannabinoids are CBD (cannabidiol) and THC (tetrahydrocannabinol). THC is renowned for its psychoactive properties, while CBD is recognized for its non-psychoactive and therapeutic effects.

How can cannabinoids be applied topically?

CB1 and CB2 receptors in the skin allow for the effectiveness of topical cannabis applications, such as creams or ointments. Cannabinoids are best absorbed through the skin by soaking in a bath.
 

How active is the ECS in the human body?

The ECS is highly active in the brain and in the immune system, influencing areas related to various disorders, including Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, chronic pain, stress, epilepsy, and autism spectrum disorders (ASS).
 

What role do cannabinoids play in mental health?

Low levels of anandamides, a type of endocannabinoid, are associated with conditions like depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia.
 

How do cannabinoids affect different medical conditions?

Cannabinoids can have positive effects on conditions like cancer, immune system function, and Alzheimer’s, depending on the type and activation of receptors.
 

How do cannabinoids change from one form to another?

Cannabinoids undergo transitions, with initial forms like CBGA changing into CBDA and THCA. Decarboxylation, triggered by heating, transforms cannabinoid acids into familiar compounds like THC and CBD.
 

How do cannabinoids affect different medical conditions?

Cannabinoids can have positive effects on conditions like cancer, immune system function, and Alzheimer’s, depending on the type and activation of receptors.
 

How do cannabinoids change from one form to another?

Cannabinoids undergo transitions, with initial forms like CBGA, CBDA and THCA. Changes into CBG, CBD and THC. Decarboxylation, triggered by heating, transforms cannabinoid acids into familiar compounds like THC and CBD.

How quickly does the ECS respond to pain signals?

The ECS responds rapidly to pain signals by producing endocannabinoids, providing pain relief in seconds. The body produces, uses, and breaks down endocannabinoids as needed.
 

What is CBD (Cannabidiol)?

CBD is a non-psychoactive cannabinoid known for its relief in anxiety, inflammation, seizures, nausea, and various other conditions. It neutralizes the psychoactive effects of THC and possesses antibacterial and antioxidant properties.
 

What is CBG (Cannabigerol)?

CBG, similar to CBD, is non-psychoactive and reduces intraocular pressure in glaucoma. It stimulates brain cell growth, balances the nervous system, and is effective for depression, anxiety, and pain relief.
 
 

What is THC (Delta 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol)?

THC is the famous psychoactive cannabinoid, influencing mood, behavior, and aiding conditions like pain, insomnia, and depression. It requires decarboxylation through heating for activation and psychoactive effects.
 

What is CBN (Cannabinol)?

CBN is formed through THC oxidation and has mild psychoactive properties. It serves as a sleep aid, lowers heart rate, and may help in treating inflammation, Crohn’s disease, seizures, and pain.

What is CBC (Cannabichromene)?

CBC lacks psychoactive effects but has a calming impact and may contribute to brain development. It assists with chronic pain, irritable bowel syndrome, and Crohn’s disease, acting as an antifungal and anti-inflammatory agent.
 

How do cannabinoids interact?

CBD and CBG, when combined, enhance each other’s effects, especially in inhibiting the spread of cancerous tumors. The synergistic entourage effect occurs when various cannabinoids work together.
 

How does CBD interact with THC?

CBD neutralizes the psychoactive effects of THC, providing a calming influence. Both cannabinoids, along with CBG, are extensively studied for their potential in cancer treatment.
 
 

How does THC change when consumed as food?

Delta 9-THC converts to Delta 11-THC in the liver when consumed as food, which is much stronger. Raw cannabis, containing THCA, doesn’t induce a high. Heating or decarboxylation transforms THCA to THC.
 

How does CBN support the immune system?

CBN supports the immune-regulating function of the body and, alongside CBD and THC, shows promise in treating conditions like Alzheimer’s.

Does cannabis work for everyone and every condition?

No, like any medicine, cannabis may not work universally for every individual or every medical condition. Its efficacy varies based on factors such as the specific condition and the individual’s response to treatment.

How are cannabinoids extracted and consumed?

Cannabinoids can be extracted and dissolve in alcohol (tincture), butter, fats, and oils. Different extraction methods yield diverse products, offering various consumption options.
 

What are the differences between Isolate, Broad Spectrum, and Full Spectrum CBD oils?

Isolate: Pure CBD separated from other cannabinoids.

Broad Spectrum: Distilled oil containing various cannabinoids and terpenes, excluding THC.

Full Spectrum: Contains all essential compounds from the cannabis plant, inducing the entourage effect for enhanced impact.

What is the process of vaporizing cannabinoids?

Vaporization involves heating the cannabis flower to a maximum of 230 ℃, ensuring that only cannabinoids are released, and no harmful combustion by-products. This method is commonly used for certain treatments.
 
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